2013年参加同等学力的考生们，学苑教育献上同等学力英语每日一练，供考生学习与参考。大家可随时关注学苑教育同等学力考试频道，我们将第一时间公布相关考试信息。
Americans usually consider themselves a friendly people. Their friendships，however，tend to be shorter and more casual than friendships among people from other cultures. It
is not uncommon for Americans to have only one close friend during their lifetime，and consider
other “friends”to be just social acquaintances. This attitude probably has something to do with
American mobility and the fact that Americans do not like to be dependent on other people. They
tend to“compartmentalize”(划分)friendships，having“friends at work”，“friends on the softball team”，“family friends”，etc.
Because the United States is a highly active society，full of movement and change，people
always seem to be on the go. In this highly charged atmosphere，Americans can sometimes seem
brusque(无礼的)or impatient. They want to get to know you as quickly as possible and then move
on to something else. Sometimes，early on，they will ask you questions that you may feel are very
personal. No insult is intended;the questions usually grow out of their genuine interest or curiosity，
and their impatience to get to the heart of the matter. And the same goes for you. If you do not
understand certain American behavior or you want to know more about them，do not hesitate to
ask them questions about themselves. Americans are usually eager to explain all about their country
or anything“American”in which you may be interested. So much so in fact that you may become
tired of listening. It doesn’t matter because Americans tend to be uncomfortable with silence
during a conversation. They would rather talk about the weather or the latest sports scores，for
example，than deal with silence.
On the other hand，don’t expect Americans to be knowledgeable about international
geography or world affairs，unless those subjects directly involve the United States. Because the
United States is not surrounded by many other nations，some Americans tend to ignore the rest
of the world.
46.The general topic of the passage is .
A. American culture B. American society
C. Americans’ activities D. Americans’ personality
47.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. Americans do not like to depend on other people.
B. Friendships among Americans tend to be casual.
C. Americans know a lot about international affairs.
D. Americans always seem to be on the go.
48.The phrase“highly charged”(Paragraph 2)most probably means .
A. extremely free B. highly responsible
C. very cheerful D. full of mobility and change
49.It can be inferred from the passage that .
A. Americans want to participate in all kinds of activities
B. Americans’ character is affected by their social and geographical environments
C. Americans do not know how to deal with silence
D. Curiosity is characteristic of Americans
50.According to the passage，Americans tend to ignore the rest of the world because .
A. they are not interested in other countries
B. they are too proud of themselves
C. their country does not have many neighboring nations
D. they are too busy to learn about other countries
答案解析：
美国人通常认为他们自己是友好的民族。然而，他们的友谊往往比其他文化的人们之间的友谊更短暂、更随意。对于美国人来说，他们一生中只有一个最亲密的朋友是很正常的，而把其他“朋友”仅仅当成是社交场上的熟人。这种态度可能与美国人的流动性有关，也可能与他们不喜欢依赖别人有关。美国人趋向于把友谊分类，有“工作中的朋友”、“垒球队的朋友”和“家庭朋友”等。
由于美国是一个高度活跃的社会，总是处于流动和变化中，所以人们似乎总是在运动中。在这种变动性很高的环境下，美国人有时似乎显得无礼或没有耐心。他们希望尽快地了解你，然后转向其他的事情。交往初期，他们可能会问你一些你感到很私人的问题。他们绝对不是有意冒犯你，这些问题通常是出于他们真正的兴趣或好奇心，他们没有耐心去了解事情的本质。你也同样可以这么做。如果你不了解美国人的某种行为，或者你想知道关于他们的更多事情，直接问他们这些问题就可以了。美国人通常渴望向你解释你所感兴趣的所有关于他们国家的事情，或是任何“美国的事情”。事实上，这么多的事情你可能会听厌烦，但没有关系，因为美国人通常对一场谈话中的沉默感到不自在。比如，他们宁愿谈论天气或最新的体坛赛事也不愿意应付沉默的场面。
另外，不要指望美国人通晓世界地理或国际事务，除非这些事务与美国直接有关。因为与美国接壤的国家不太多，所以有些美国人往往不重视世界上其他国家的事务。
46. 【正确答案】D
A. 美国文化 B. 美国社会 C. 美国人的活动 D. 美国人的性格
线索1：文章的第1段提到“It is not uncommon for Americans to have only one close friends during their lifetime，and consider other‘friends’to be just social acquaintance.”他们通常一生只有一个亲密朋友，而把其他“朋友”只看成社交场上的熟人。
线索2：文章的第2段提到“...Americans can sometimes seem brusque or impatient...”美国人有时可能显得无礼或不耐烦。“...Americans are usually eager to explain all about their country or anything‘Ameircan in which you may be interested.’... ”美国人通常期望向你解释你所感兴趣的有关他们国家的所有事情，或是“美国的事情”。在这篇文章的上下我们都可以看出，作者一直在讲述美国人的性格，与其他国家的人不同的性格特征。表明选项D是正确答案。
47. 【正确答案】C
A. 美国人不喜欢依赖别人。 B. 美国人之间的友谊往往是偶然的。
C. 美国人对国际事件了然于心。 D. 美国人好像总是在忙碌。
线索：文章的第3段提到“On the other hand，don’t expect Americans to be knowledgeable about international geography or world affairs，...”另外，不要指望美国人了解世界地理或国际事务……显然选项C与文章中的描述是截然不同的。选项A、B、D依次在文章中第1段、第2段中提及。故选项C是正确答案。
48. 【正确答案】D
A. 极度自由的 B. 高度负责任的 C. 非常高兴 D. 充满了运动和变化
线索：文章的第2段提到“Because the United States is a highly active society，full of movement and change，people always seem to be on the go. In this highly charged atmosphere，... ”这里this指代的是充满活力和变化的国家。highly charged 指的是前面的highly active ，full of movement and change，表明选项D是正确答案。
49. 【正确答案】B
A. 美国人想参加各种各样的活动
B. 美国人的性格受到他们的社会环境和地域环境的影响
C. 美国人不知道如何处理沉默
D. 好奇心是美国人具有的特征
线索1：文章的第2段提到“In this highly charged atmosphere，Americans can sometimes seem brusque or impatient.”从这句话可以看出美国人的性格受到了美国社会环境的影响。
线索2：文章的第3段提到“Because the United States is not surrounded by many other nations，some Americans tend to ignore the rest of the world.”从该句可以看出美国人的性格受到了他们地域环境的影响。表明选项B是正确答案。
选项A过于绝对，选项C文中在第2段提过美国人在面对沉默时感觉不舒服，所以喜欢找话题，但不是说他们知道如何处理。美国人提问题多是出于他们的好奇心，但并不表示好奇心是美国人具有的特征，故A、C、D三个选项都是不正确的。
50. 【正确答案】C
A. 他们对其他国家不感兴趣 B. 他们过于自傲
C. 他们的国家没有很多的邻国 D. 他们太忙了，没有时间向其他国家学习
线索：文章的第3段提到“Because the United States is not surrounded by many other nations，some American tend to ignore the rest of the world.”句中be surrounded by ...的意思是：由……围绕。也就是说周围没有太多的邻国，这就表明选项C是正确答案。
