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In the 1997 general-election campaign,“Education,Education”was Tony Blair’
s pet phrase. Times change quickly. Education is going rapidly out of fashion.“Learning”(to be
exact,“lifelong learning”)is New Labour’s new buzzword(时髦语). The shift from
“education”to“learning”reflects more than a change of language. It stems from both
educational research and left-wing ideas. During the 1980s,British educationalists got some new
American ideas. One was the notion that traditional examinations do not test the full range of
people’s abilities. Another was the belief that skills are not necessarily learned from teachers in a
conventional classroom. People can pick them up in all sorts of ways.
All this echoed left-wing ideas that traditional teaching methods were not sufficiently adaptable
to the needs of individual learners. Advocates of lifelong learning argue that it merely describes what
has changed in education in the past decade. And there are now hundreds of schemes in which
pupils learn outside the classroom.
Until now,education has been changing from below. In the next few weeks,the government
will help from above. One of its main projects for lifelong learning is about to begin its first pilot
programmers. With funding of $ 44 million in its first year,it will coordinate a new network of
“learning centers”throughout the country. Traditional institutions,such as schools and colleges,
will provide training at some non-traditional places of learning,such as supermarkets,pubs,and
churches. The theory is that in such places students will feel more at ease,and therefore will be
better motivated,than in a classroom.
The new schemes allow consumers of education to exercise complete choice over where,
what and when they learn. In the rest of the state-run education sectors(部门),the gover-nment
still seems to be committed to restricting choices as much as possible. If these programs succeed,
they could improve the skills of Britain’s workforce.
61.According to the writer,the shift from“education”to“learning” .
A. is but a change of language
B. reflects the traditional ideas in education
C. reflects the government’s wish to restrict choices
D. is not just a change of language
62.All the following statements are true EXCEPT that .
A. pupils can learn skills outside the classroom
B. students will be better motivated in a classroom
C. the new schemes are intended to improve the skills of Britain’s workforce
D. traditional teaching methods cannot satisfy the needs of individual learners
63.It can be inferred from the passage that the new projects .
A. are started from below
B. have begun in the past decade
C. will allow students to have complete control over their learning
D. will be carried out in the traditional institutions
64.In the second paragraph,the writer suggests that .
A. traditional exams can test the full range of people’s abilities
B. there are other ways for pupils to learn skills
C. pupils can learn little from teachers in a conventional classroom
D. the notion of lifelong learning is only the result of educational research
65.According to this passage,the New Labour’s government .
A. will set up many“learning centers”in Britain
B. has not changed its educational policy
C. will continue to restrict choices in all the state-run education sectors
D. is reluctant to make large investments in education
答案解析:
在1997年的大选活动中,“教育,教育”是托尼·布莱尔喜欢的口号。时代变化很快。教育正在迅速落伍。“学习”(确切一点说,是“终生学习”)是新工党的时髦语。从“教育”向“学习”的转变反映出的不仅仅是语言上的变化。这源于教育研究和左翼思想。20世纪80年代,英国的教育家获得了一些新的美国思想。其中有一个观点是:传统的考试不能检验一个人的全部能力。另一个观点是:技能不一定是在传统的教室中从老师那里学到的。人们可以通过各种方式获得知识。
所有这些都与左翼思想产生了共鸣,他们认为:传统的教学方法不能充分适合个体学习者的要求。提倡终生学习的人争论说,这只不过描述了过去十年中教育发生的改变。现在,在课堂外有成千上万的计划可供学生学习。
到现在,教育一直都在自下而上发生着改变。在未来的几个星期,ZF将帮助自上而下地进行改革。一个主要针对终身学习者的项目即将启动它的第一个示范程序员项目。第一年的资金是4400万美元,所以它将在全国范围调整“学习中心”的新网络。传统机构比如中学和大学,将在一些非传统学习地点提供训练,比如在超市、旅馆和教堂。其理论是:在这样的地方学生会感到更自在,因此,将比在教室里更有学习动机。
新项目允许受教育者在学习的地点、内容、时间方面拥有完全的选择权。其余的州立教育机构部门,ZF似乎仍然尽可能多地限制选择权。如果这些项目成功的话,它们将改善英国劳动力的劳动技能。
61.【正确答案】D
A. 仅仅是语言的改变
B. 反映了传统教育观念
C. 反映了ZF限制选择的愿望
D. 并不仅仅是一个语言的改变
线索:文章的第1段提到“The shift from ‘education’to‘learning’reflects more than a change of language.”表明选项D是正确答案。
【考点提示】选项A不太可能是正确的答案,因为有绝对化的单词。but在be动词之后表示“仅仅”的含义。
62.【正确答案】B
A. 即使在教室外小学生们也可以学习技能
B. 更应该鼓励学生们在教室内学习
C. 新计划是用来提高英国劳动力的技能
D. 传统的教学方法无法满足单个学生的要求
线索1:文章的第2段提到“And there are now hundreds of schemes in which pupils learn outside the classroom.”表明选项A为正确答案。
线索2:文章的第4段提到“If these programs succeed,they could improve the skills of Britain’s workforce.”表明选项C为正确答案。
线索3:文章的第2段提到“All this echoed left-wing ideas that traditional teaching methods were not sufficiently adaptable to the needs of individual learners.”D正确。
根据文章第2段和第4段内容,我们很容易看到选项B在原文中没有提到。
63.【正确答案】C
A. 从下面开始
B. 在十年前就已经开始
C. 将使学生们对他们的学习完全控制
D. 将会在传统的教育机构实施
线索:文章的第5段提到“The new schemes allow consumers of education to exercise complete choice over where,what and when they learn.”表明选项C是正确答案。A选项和原文第3段的首句不符合。
64.【正确答案】B
A. 传统的考试能够测验学生的全部能力
B. 还有别的方法可以适应小学生学习技能
C. 在传统的教室小学生们从老师那里学到的很少
D. 终生学习的观念仅仅是教育研究的结果
线索:文章的第2段提到“And there are now hundreds of schemes in which pupils learn outside the classroom.”表明选项B是正确答案。其他选项是干扰选项。
65.【正确答案】A
A. 会建立更多学习中心在英国
B. 不会改变它的教育政策
C. 将会继续限制所有州立教育机构的选择
D. 不太情愿在教育上大的投资
线索:文章的第4段提到“With funding of $ 44 million in its first year,it will coordinate a new network of ‘learning centers’throughout the country...”表明选项A是正确答案。B选项和原文的内容截然相反。C选项和原文第4段的内容“In the rest of the state-run education sectors(部门),”相反。D选项和原文的第3段“With funding of $ 44 million in its first year,”也不符合。